Pompeo Batoni and workshop

This entry stands for an attribution formula. It marks pictures whose design, and part of whose painting, is Pompeo Batoni's, with the rest carried out by assistants in his studio in Rome. The Vatican Museums use their own wording of it, Batoni and school, for one of their papal portraits.

A successful portrait was seldom painted only once. Further versions were made in the studio under the master's eye, and three of Batoni's sons, Felice, Domenico and Romualdo, worked there beside pupils such as the German painter Johann Gottlieb Puhlmann. Where the master's hand stops and the studio's begins can rarely be settled, and the formula records exactly that.